TechnoSpark Group is a private venture-building company that specializes in creating, developing, and selling high-tech start-ups in hardware industries. The company is based in the science town of Troitsk, which is part of the city of Moscow. Since 2012, TechnoSpark has created more than 100 high-tech start-ups. TechnoSpark builds start-ups covering a broad range of hardware technologies, and does not rely on a select few of them to succeed. The most notable are: flexible plastic electronic ICs, thin-film integrated photovoltaics, energy storage and harvesting systems, warehouse robotics and serialization, lasers for micromachining and ablation, 3D printed individual implants, composite bicycles and skis, ophthalmology systems with femtosecond lasers, EUV-sources, and artificial diamonds for industrial purposes. In parallel with its product start-ups, TechnoSpark creates dozens of contract technology companies: industrial design and engineering, metal and mechatronics fabrication, composite braiding, optical coatings, industrial microbiology, medical genomics, etc. These companies make core infrastructure partners for the product start-ups, but also act as independent businesses. TechnoSpark is dedicated to cooperating closely with leading international research centers. TechnoSpark has had years of experience working as an industrial partner as part of the affiliation programs of IMEC and KU Leuven (Belgium), Solliance, Holst, TNO and ECN (Netherlands), Flex Enable (UK), etc. TechnoSpark creates joint ventures and joint development agreements with global technology companies. It also provides an opportunity for their high-tech products to be localized for Russian markets, e.g. medical and additive markets. TechnoSpark has two international HQs: at High Tech Campus Eindhoven in the Netherlands, and in Tsinghua Science Park in Beijing, China.