Institute of Physics AS CR, v. v. i. (FZU) is a public research institute, oriented on the fundamental and applied research in physics. The founder of the institute is the Academy of Sciences of the Czech republic. The present research programme of the Institute comprises five branches of physics: particle physics, the physics of condensed matter, solid state physics, optics and plasma physics. It also corresponds to the way how the institute is divided into major research divisions. Particle physics studies, through accelerator induced scattering processes, the elementary constituents of matter and fundamental forces acting between them. A closely related field is astroparticle physics which deals with the study of particles coming from the Universe. The research in condensed matter physics concerns mainly the dynamic and cooperative phenomena in disordered and inhomogeneous solid and liquid crystals and in the materials with reduced space dimensions. In the solid state physics the research is focused on new forms of solid materials and new physical phenomena and principles of microelectronic components. In the quantum optics, various types of sources of the quantum correlated photon pairs are developed and equipments for transmission and cloning of information stored in the properties of photons are planned.